Polyakov loop in chiral quark models at finite temperature

We describe how the inclusion of the gluonic Polyakov loop incorporates large gauge invariance and drastically modifies finite temperature calculations in chiral quark models after color neutral states are singled out. This generates an effective theory of quarks and Polyakov loops as basic degrees of freedom. We find a strong suppression of finite temperature effects in hadronic observables triggered by approximate triality conservation (Polyakov cooling), so that while the center symmetry breaking is exponentially small with the constituent quark mass, chiral symmetry restoration is exponentially small with the pion mass. To illustrate the point we compute some low energy observables at finite temperature and show that the finite temperature corrections to the low energy coefficients are $N_c$ suppressed due to color average of the Polyakov loop. Our analysis also shows how the phenomenology of chiral quark models at finite temperature can be made compatible with the expectations of chiral perturbation theory. The implications for the simultaneous center symmetry breaking-chiral symmetry restoration phase transition are also discussed.Comment: 24 pages, 8 ps figures. Figure and appendix added. To appear in Physical Review

Uma década de ouro se aproxima para a microbiologia do solo: expectativas da pesquisa, da indústria, dos agricultores e da sociedade.

O cenário mundial aponta para um incremento quantitativo e qualitativo na demanda de alimentos. Como fatores limitantes ao fornecimento de alimentos, tem-se um quadro crônico de degradação de solos, bem como baixo acesso a tecnologias e desigualdades sociais em muitos países. Para atender à maior demanda são necessários insumos, mas que devem ser aplicados visando a sustentabilidade dos solos e do planeta, com menor emissão de gases de efeito estufa e sem contribuir para a erosão química dos solos. É um cenário perfeito de incentivo ao uso responsável de microrganismos como inoculantes, em biorremediação, na bioprospecção de novos produtos e processos e como bioindicadores de qualidade do solo. No papel mais conhecido, de substituição parcial ou total de fertilizantes químicos, tem-se a contribuição excepcional das bactérias diazotróficas, bem como de micorrizas, microrganismos solubilizadores de rochas e bactérias promotoras do crescimento de plantas. Grandes avanços no conhecimento básico, por exemplo, na genômica e proteômica, são discutidos, mas ainda não foram convertidos em produtos tecnológicos. Com a valorização dos estudos e usos de microrganismos na agricultura e meio ambiente são esperados resultados promissores na próxima década, no conhecimento, em produtos biotecnológicos e na prestação de serviços para a sociedade

Chiral Lagrangian at finite temperature from the Polyakov-Chiral Quark Model

We analyze the consequences of the inclusion of the gluonic Polyakov loop in chiral quark models at finite temperature. Specifically, the low-energy effective chiral Lagrangian from two such quark models is computed. The tree level vacuum energy density, quark condensate, pion decay constant and Gasser-Leutwyler coefficients are found to acquire a temperature dependence. This dependence is, however, exponentially small for temperatures below the mass gap in the full unquenched calculation. The introduction of the Polyakov loop and its quantum fluctuations is essential to achieve this result and also the correct large $N_c$ counting for the thermal corrections. We find that new coefficients are introduced at ${\cal O}(p^4)$ to account for the Lorentz breaking at finite temperature. As a byproduct, we obtain the effective Lagrangian which describes the coupling of the Polyakov loop to the Goldstone bosons.Comment: 16 pages, no figure

Correlations between perturbation theory and power corrections in QCD at zero and finite temperature

The duality between QCD perturbative series and power corrections recently conjectured by Narison and Zakharov is analyzed. We propose to study correlations between both contributions as diagnostics tool. A very strong correlation between perturbative and non perturbative contributions is observed for several observables at zero and at finite temperature supporting the validity of the dual description.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 7 table

More than a magazine: exploring the links between lads’ mags, rape myth acceptance and rape proclivity

Exposure to some magazines aimed at young male readers – lads’ mags – has recently been associated with behaviors and attitudes that are derogatory towards women, including sexual violence. In the present study, a group of Spanish adult men were exposed to the covers of a lads’ mag while a second group was exposed to the covers of a neutral magazine. Results showed that, compared to participants in the second group, participants who were exposed to covers of lads’ mags who also showed high rape myth acceptance (RMA) and legitimized the consumption of such magazines reported higher rape proclivity in a hypothetical situation. These findings suggest the need to further explore the possible detrimental effects of some sexualized media that are widely accepted in many Western countries

Draft genome sequence of Pantoea ananatis strain AMG521, a rice plant growth-promoting bacterial endophyte isolated from the Guadalquivir Marshes in Southern Spain.

The rice endophyte Pantoea ananatis AMG521 shows several plant growth-promoting properties and promotes rice yield increases.Its draft genome was estimated at 4,891,568 bp with 4,704 coding sequences (CDS). The genome encodes genes for N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) synthases, AHL hydrolases, hyperadherence (yidQ, yidP, and yidR), fusaric acid resistance, andoxidation of lignin, highlighting its biotechnological potential

Optimizacion en procesos cognitivos y su repercusión en el aprendizaje de la danza

El presente trabajo ha pretendido, en última instancia, acercar la psicología al mundo de la danza: desde la investigación sobre los mecanismos psicológicos que subyacen a este comportamiento (danzar); pasando por la demostración de sus beneficios, también a nivel cognitivo, que repercuten en otras áreas del individuo; hasta la profundización en el proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje de la danza para buscar la forma de optimizarlo. En su justificación teórica, esta tesis analiza exhaustivamente el fenómeno de la Danza. Así, hace un recorrido que nos muestra la repercusión social que la danza ha tenido a lo largo de la historia; describe las peculiaridades tanto de la danza clásica, como moderna; plasma la situación de la danza académica en España y propuestas de la danza para las escuelas; y explora las técnicas que utilizan el movimiento y la danza como terapia. En una segunda parte centrada en la Psicología, desarrolla el estudio de los procesos cognitivos (atención, percepción, memoria) y las bases psicológicas (autoestima, motivación), que subyacen al aprendizaje, teniendo en cuenta las particularidades de la danza. Se ha partido siempre de las bases neuropsicológicas de todos los procesos analizados, incluyendo los hallazgos que determinan tales procesos en relación con el movimiento y el aprendizaje motor. La meta final de la revisión teórica plantea la forma de optimizar el aprendizaje de la danza, recogiendo aportaciones de autores del campo de la psicomotricidad, la música, la psicología del deporte, la danza moderna, etc.. Partiendo de todas estas aportaciones se desarrolla un programa de intervención educativa para la disciplina del ballet, que persigue optimizar los procesos de atención, percepción, memoria, autoestima y motivación de las/os alumnas/os, consiguiendo con ello mejoras en la ejecución de la danza y consolidando, a su vez, esos mismos procesos psicológicos, entrando en un proceso circular de optimización. El programa recoge contenidos presentes en los cursos de ballet clásico convencionales, pero también aquellos que creemos preparan para la mejor adquisición de los primeros (contenidos relacionados con el ritmo, el espacio, la lateralidad, la toma de conciencia del cuerpo, la respiración, la expresión corporal y la improvisación). Además, propone una estrategia metodológica para facilitar la percepción y aprendizaje de posiciones corporales y movimientos, basada en el uso de autoinstrucciones cantadas al son de la música y que evocan imágenes mentales que facilitan su captación. Una vez llevado a la práctica este programa, a través de un diseño cuasi experimental (diseño pre-post, con grupo control no equivalente), los resultados muestran que los alumnos que reciben tal programa consiguen mejoras significativas en variables cognitivas, afectivas y de ejecución de la danza, quedando demostrada su efectividad. Algunas de las variables que han mejorado significativamente en el grupo que recibió el programa, por encima del grupo control, han sido la autoestima, la organización perceptiva, el esquema corporal, percepción y memoria. Como conclusiones, es importante trabajar los prerrequisitos que permiten captar mejor los pasos y movimientos; aprovechar la imaginación de los niños para su aprendizaje; cuidar la forma de comunicarnos con los alumnos, especialmente para corregirles y ayudarles a superar las dificultades que el ballet impone; y ayudar a los alumnos a ser autónomos en su propio proceso de aprendizaje. Finalmente queda abierto un amplio campo de investigación desde la Psicología, centrado en la danza, como ocurre en el deporte o en otras áreas del comportamiento humano.This work’s intentions are: to bring together the disciplines of psychology and dance; to investigate the psychological mechanisms of dancing; to demonstrate its beneficial effects on cognitive levels and additional repercussions in other areas; and to investigate dance learning/teaching processes. In its theoretical justification, this thesis will present a comprehensive analysis of the phenomena of dance; it will show the social repercussion of dance throughout history; it will describe the peculiarities of classic and modern dance; it will reflect the current status of Spanish academic dance; and explore the techniques that use movement and dance as a therapy. The second part of the theses will focus on psychology, the cognitive procedures (attention, perception, memory) and learning psychological foundations (self-esteem, motivation) that can be applied specifically to dance. Finally the theoretical revision will outline methods for the optimisation of dance learning, using the contributions from authors in areas such as sport psychology, music, modern dance, and the development of psychomotor skills. Using all these contributions as a starting point, an educational "intervention program" is developed for ballet discipline that uses and optimises attention, perception, memory, self-esteem and students' motivation. Improvement in dance execution can then be achieved and psychological process previously mentioned is consolidated in a positive feedback loop mechanism. The program's contents include movement learning pre-requisites, creativity, expression and methodology based on the use of imagination and self-teaching techniques. This interventional program was then taken to into the dance practice, in the form of an experimental design (pre-post design without an equivalent group control). The results will show that students on the programme achieved considerable improvement in cognitive, affective and execution variables, thus leading the author to infer a belief in the program's effectiveness. In conclusion, it is believed that the importance of applying psychological investigations to areas like dance, will facilitate the learning process and professional development in the same way that it can be seen in sports and other areas of human behaviour

SuSAv2 Model for Inelastic Neutrino-nucleus Scattering

The susperscaling model SuSAv2, already available for charged-current neutrino-nucleus cross sections in the quasielastic region, is extended to the full inelastic regime. In the model the resonance production and deep inelastic reactions are described through the extension to the neutrino sector of the SuSAv2 inelastic model developed for (e, e′) reactions, which combines phenomenological structure functions with a nuclear scaling function. This work also compares two different descriptions of the Δ resonance region, one based on a global scaling function for the full inelastic spectrum and the other on a semiphenomenological Δ scaling function extracted from (e, e′) data for this specific region and updated with respect to previous work. The results of the model are tested against (e, e′) data on C12, O16, Ca40, and Ar40 and applied to the study of the charged current inclusive neutrino cross-section on C12 and Ar40 measured by the T2K, MicroBooNE, ArgoNEUT, and MINERvA experiments, thus covering several kinematical regions.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PID2020–114687 GB-I00Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades FIS2017-88410-Junta de Andalucía FQM160, SOMM17/6105/UGR, USE-21618-KUniversity of Tokyo FY2020, FY2021European Union 83948

Draft genome sequence of Pantoea ananatis Strain 1.38, a bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere of Oryza sativa var. puntal that shows biotechnological potential as an inoculant.

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